Improvement in paper-perforating machines



J, S. IVES.

PAPER-PERFORATING MACHINE.

No.169,548. Patented Nov. 2,1875.

Jay!

m] Hm Illllllllllll 4 wag N. PETERS. PNOTO-uTHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D c.

PATENT QFFICE.

JOSEPH S. IVES, OF NEW YORK, N.

IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER-PERFORATING MACHINES-y Specification forming partof Letters Patent No. 169,548, dated November 2, 1875; application filedJune-3, 1875.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOSEPH S. IVES, of NewYork city, in the county of New York, in the State of New York, haveinvented an Improvement in Perforating-Machines; and I do hereby declarethat the following is a full and exact description thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings and to the letters of referencemarked thereon.

A variety of machines and contrivances have heretofore been suggestedand made for the purpose of perforating paper, card-board, &c. fornumerous purposes; but in all such machines and devices with which I amfamiliar, the construction and mode of operation have been such that theperforations or holes in the stock were formed by cutting out, or

punching clean out, a blank or particle of the stock at each hole.Sometimes the holes thus formedhave been circular in contour, andsometimes of rectangular or other shape.

In the use of all the machines or devices heretofore used to thusperforate paper these serious objections occur, viz: The mechanism mustbe costly and complicated in construction, and difficult to keep inworking order; provision must be made for the discharge from the machineof the blanks cut out; the finished work must be carried off at one sideof the table, thus making the machine occupy considerable space,because, otherwise, the chips or litter would be mixed with the finishedWork, and the dirt made by the discharge of the stock out out is a greatinconvenience. Besides these objections to the mechanism, the product ofthe machine or the finished work is, in consequence of the stock beingcut out, very undesirable for many purposes for which perforated papersheets are made-as, for instance, for sheets of bankbills and othercertificates of monetary value which have to be handled frequently andcounted.

My invention has for its object to avoid all the objections heretoforeexistent in perforating'machines or devices, and, at the same time,aflord for use a machine with which perforated sheets can be made betteradapted for many purposes than sheets as heretofore made; and to theseends and objects my invention consists in a perforating-machine in whichcutting-tools are employed, that make I rows of clean cuts in andthrough the stock without removing any particles thereof, or A leavingany objectionable burr, as will be hereinafter more fully explained;and, further, it consists in certain combinations of devices, ashereinafter more fully set forth..

To enable those skilled to make and use my invention 1 will proceed tomore fully explain the construction and operation of a machine embracingmy improvements, referring by letters to the accompanying drawings, inwhich Figure l is a top view; Fig. 2, a vertical section at the lineline as m, Fig. 1; and Fig. 3, detail views of the perforating-toolsdetached.

In the several figures the same part is designated by the same letter ofreference.

A is the main frame or frame-work of the machine, in which is mounted,in suitable bearings, a shaft, B, provided at one end with a fast andloose pulley, O and D, to-which may be belted, by a band, E,iu the usualmanner, the driving-power to run the machine. F is the feed-table, inwhich is arranged the usual feed apron G, moved by its rolls a. a, whichderive the proper motion from the main shaft through gears b c, asillustrated. On the rotatory shaft 13 are securely mounted four (more orless) wheels, H, each of which has cut in its face or periphery a grooveor channel, a, and immediately over each of said wheels H is mounted, soas to run in contact therewith, a smaller wheel, I, which carries on orin its periphery the cutters or knife edges 0. Each of the cutter-wheelsI is mounted to turn freely on an arm or lever, f, which is hinged at gto a cross-bar, J, of the frame-work of the machine, and the weights ofthe levers or hinged arms f keep the cutter-Wheels I down to their Workand in contact with the periph-- cries of the grooved wheels H. Each ofsaid levers f is provided with a spring-guide, h, which serves to guideand hold toward the wheel H the piece of paper being operated upon, andin rear of and under the series of wheels H is located'the deflector orguideboard .L, which, by preference, is formed, as shown, of a curvedsheet of metal. This guide-board or deflector L is properly secured inthe position illustrated, and its function is to deflect and induce tothe proper discharge of-the finished work onto a receiving-table orreceptacle, M, located immediately beneath the working parts and nearthe base of the machine. The dotted-lines at l and 2'1'11 Fig. 2illustrate a sheet of paper during its passage into and discharge fromthe machine. The usual guide-springs land gage m, or their .equivalents,are employed to enable the operator to properly register or set thesheets fed in to be operated upon.

In the operation of the machine the sheets to be perforated are set onthe feed-apron G and carried into:the wheels, as usual inpowerperforators. As the forward edge of the sheet comes between theperipheries of the wheels H and I the latter take hold of and carrythrough the sheet, which is passed along in the direction indicated by-the arrows at Fig. 2, and has the perforation made in it by the cutters0 running in the grooves of the wheels H. As the perforated sheet passesout it slides or tumbles over in an inverted position and falls flat inthe receiver or receptacle M.

The Weight or force with which the cutterwheel I is helddown onto theperiphery of Wheel H, and the extent of the plain surfaces of the two,should be such as to create the proper friction between the two and theinterposed sheet of paper to efi'ect the proper driving or rotation ofthe cutter-wheels I by the rotation of the driving-wheels H, and'thecutters orknife-edges e of the Wheels Ishould be made as thin aspossible to insurecertainty of action, and of the proper lengths anddistances apart toeffect the desired perforation, with clean cuts,without forming any objectionable burr, and with only just enough stockleft between the cuts to hold the paper together till a. severance isdesirable.

The groove 03 in wheel H. should be made just wide and deep enough topermit the passage of the knife-edge cutters 0 through the paper, andpermit the periphery of wheel H to bear on the sheet close up to eachside of the cutting-edge e. In lieu of the heavy or weighted levers orarms f. to hold the cutter- Wheels I down to'their work and in properposition to be driven, the same. end may be accomplished by the actionof springs.

machine less cumbersome than those heretofore made.

By the employment of cutting knife-edge tools, working as described inthe grooved bearing-wheels, I am enabled to make the cuts without theformation of any objectionable burr or roughness on the back side of thesheet, and can make the perforations so narrow that when the stock istorn apart the edges of the pieces will be comparatively smooth, insteadof very ragged, as usual with work done on machines made in the ordinarymanner.

By the combination of the cutterwheels I with the wheels H in the'mannerdescribed, so that the latter act as drivers to rotate the formerthrough the friction on each of said rolls by the interposed sheet ofpaper, I am enabled to make the machine very simple, durable, andnotliable to get out of order, while at the same time, by the describedmode of operation, it follows that the cutter-tools will operate alikeand with certainty of action on all parts of the sheet, though variablein thickness and embodying imperfections of surface.

Having so fully explained the construction and operation of my improvedmachine that any one skilled in the art can make and use it, what Iclaim therein as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a suitably-grooved rotatory surface, on whichthe sheet is supported, of a cutter-wheel driven therefrom, and formedor provided with knife-edge cutters, the whole so constructed andoperating that the sheet passed between said two wheels will have a rowof clean cuts made in it, as and for the purpose described.

2. The combination, with a grooved driving-wheel, of a cutter-wheel anda means for pressing and holding the cutter-wheel toward thedriving-wheel, the whole arranged and operating together as and for thepurposes described.

3. In combination with the means for perforating the paper, a receptaclefor the finished sheets, arranged immediately under the perforatingmechanism.

4. In combination with the perforating mechanism and a suitablereceptacle for the finished sheets, arranged beneath said mechan-.

ism, a deflector or guide-board, the whole arranged and operating as andfor the purposes

